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The lower portion opens down, forming a step. This gives dismounting troops some protection against small arms fire from the front of the vehicle. The redesigned side doors are split horizontally. The forward firing ports now sit in angled recesses, which allows infantry to fire to the front of the vehicle. The ports are now round rather than tear-shaped, and have ball mounts similar to those used on the BMP-1. The Soviets modified the design and positioning of the firing ports. This high angle of fire is useful in engaging targets on steep slopes, in urban fighting, and for engaging low slow flying air targets. This allows the 14.5 mm (0.57 in) KPVT and coaxial 7.62 mm (0.3 in) PKT machine guns to be elevated to a maximum of 60 degrees. The Soviets modified the truncated cone turret used on the BTR-70 for the BTR-80 by redesigning the mantlet. Standard equipment includes TNPO vision blocks, TNP-B and TKN-3 optical devices for the driver and commander, an OU-3GA2M infrared search light, six 81 mm smoke grenade launchers 902V "Tucha", a radioset (R-173 or R-163-50U), an intercom, and hydrojets for amphibious propulsion. The Soviets removed the roof chamfers of the modified BTR-70, raised the rear, and squared off the rearward-sloping engine compartment. The reconfigured rear portion of the hull accommodates the new, single engine. It has a single 260-hp V-8 turbocharged water-cooled diesel engine, an improvement over the twin gasoline engines installed in the BTR-60 and BTR-70 vehicles. The BTR-80 is based on the BTR-70 APC, which itself was based on the BTR-60. The BTR-80 was developed into the larger BTR-90. It was first deployed during the Soviet–Afghan War. It was adopted in 1985 and replaced the previous vehicles, the BTR-60 and BTR-70, in the Soviet Army. The BTR-80 ( Russian: бронетранспортёр, romanized: bronetransportyor, lit.'armoured carrier') is an 8×8 wheeled amphibious armoured personnel carrier (APC) designed in the Soviet Union.
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